Nestled high in the cliffs of the Altindere Valley in Trabzon, the Sumela Monastery stands as a testament to the incredible architectural and spiritual achievements of the Byzantine Empire. This iconic monastery, also known as the Monastery of the Virgin Mary, offers visitors a captivating blend of history, religion, and natural beauty.
History of the Sumela Monastery
The Sumela Monastery was founded in the year 386 AD during the reign of the Roman Emperor Theodosius I. According to legend, the monastery was established by two Athenian monks, Barnabas and Sophronios, who discovered an icon of the Virgin Mary in a cave on the mountain. This icon is believed to have been painted by Saint Luke the Evangelist.
Over the centuries, the monastery grew in significance and underwent numerous renovations and expansions, especially during the reign of Emperor Justinian in the 6th century and later under the Comnenian dynasty. The current structures of the monastery date back to the 13th century, reflecting the architectural style of the time.
Architectural Marvel
Perched on a steep cliff face 1,200 meters above sea level, the Sumela Monastery is an architectural marvel. The complex includes a rock church, several chapels, kitchens, student rooms, a guesthouse, a library, and a sacred spring revered by Orthodox Christians. The monastery’s frescoes, which depict scenes from the Bible and the lives of saints, are particularly renowned for their vivid colors and intricate details.
The Rock Church and Frescoes
The heart of the Sumela Monastery is the rock church, carved directly into the cliff. The church’s walls are adorned with stunning frescoes dating from the 14th to the 18th centuries. These frescoes, despite being weathered by time and the elements, remain vibrant and tell the stories of Christ, the Virgin Mary, and various saints.
Visiting the Sumela Monastery
A visit to the Sumela Monastery is not only a spiritual journey but also an adventure through breathtaking landscapes. Here’s what you need to know:
Getting There
The Sumela Monastery is located about 47 kilometers south of Trabzon in the Altindere National Park. Visitors typically start their journey from Trabzon, which is well-connected by air and road. From Trabzon, you can take a bus or drive to the national park.
The Hike Up
The final stretch to the monastery requires a bit of effort. After reaching the park, visitors can either hike up a scenic trail or take a shuttle service that stops closer to the monastery. The hike is approximately 1 kilometer and offers stunning views of the lush valley below.
What to Expect
Upon reaching the monastery, visitors are greeted by its impressive facade and panoramic views of the surrounding mountains. Inside, the frescoes and the peaceful ambiance create an atmosphere of reverence and wonder. There are also several terraces where visitors can rest and take in the beauty of the landscape.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit the Sumela Monastery is during the spring and summer months (April to October) when the weather is mild and the surrounding forests are lush and green. During the winter, the monastery can be closed due to heavy snowfall and treacherous conditions on the hiking trail.
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